The pain in the rear and in the lumbar region is one of the most common complaints in medicine.It is in second place in the number of all appeals, according to respiratory diseases only.Many pathologies can cause pain in the lower back, but very often its cause is the osteochondosis of the lumbar region.How to treat such a disease, that symptoms and signs it possesses will be considered below.
Not long ago, medical science believed that osteochondosis in the lumbosacral department occurs exclusively due to changes related to the age that lead the intervertebral vertebrae and discs.However, today the stretch of age is not exceptional, the lumbar column osteochondrosis is diagnosed in patients in various age groups.To date, the age of cut is considered more than 25 years
The causes of the apparition of osteochondosis of the lower back
It is impossible to appoint the exact reason, it will almost always be a complete effect of various destructive factors, including the most important can be distinct:
- Adherence to a passive lifestyleIn terms of motor activity.For their will, the immobilized people, for example, spend many hours on the computer, do not receive a useful load, which is why the "corset" muscle occurs and increases the load on the vertebrae.In addition, almost always a pastime is associated with a long stay in the wrong and unnatural poses.
- Hormonal background problems, leading to violations with the metabolism, which affects the metabolism of the fabrics of the spine in the lower back and contributes to destructive processes.This also includes endocrine diseases.
- The presence of congenital or acquired deviations, when the musculoskeletal system undergoes certain changes.This can be reflected in an increase in loads on the spinal column, for example the patient with the presence of flat feet, curvature of the legs or spine.
- Chronic loads increasedOn the lower back.Here, among the risks there are people with certain types of professional activity, usually associated with weight lifting.This also includes professional athletes who constantly expose their body with flagship loads.
- Compromise meal and daily routine.This also includes regular exposure to stress.These factors are reflected in the processes of the metabolism and influence the periodic restoration of their forces.
Degree of osteochondrosis of the lumbar column
The above pathological factors gradually lead to the manifestation of the disease.However, it can manifest itself in different ways, being at the beginning almost asymptomatic or with difficulties tolerant for late development.Consider the main degrees of development of osteocondrosis:
- The situation in which the nucleus of the jet moves on the intervertebral disc.It is characterized by pain caused by the irritation of the nerve roots of the fibrous ring and the longitudinal ligaments.The discomfort is felt locally in the place where a defective disc is positioned.Pain can be sharp with bastards or stupid permanent.
- When the fibrous layer of the intervertebral disc is destroyed, there is an increase in the mobility of the elements of the spinal column in this area, they become unstable compared to the other.To eliminate these pathological manifestations, it is necessary to constantly keep the muscles of this thesis area, which consequently leads to chronic fatigue in the lower back.
- Subsequently, there is a turning point in the fibrous ring, which is why the core comes out of the disc, forming the intervertebral hernia.This case will be accompanied by the excess of the ends of the nerves, which is called "root syndrome".
- The next degree of osteochondosis of the lumbosacral department occurs with a serious deformation of the spine in this part.There are problems with mobility, but pain syndrome, strangely enough at this stage, attenuates.However, you shouldn't rejoice, this does not speak of the bleeding of the disease at all.
- The last degree is characterized by the pathological growth of bone tissue and a general deterioration in well -being.
On the basis of the degree of osteochondosis of the lower back, some treatment methods are used.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis in the lower back part
The main symptom is combat syndrome in the lumbar column.At the same time, the sensations of pain, the area of their location and the direction in which they spread can vary.This is due to the fact that based on the degree of damage to the disc and intervertebral tissues around, some nerve receptors are annoyed.In addition, the role is played by the presence of protrusion or directly an hernia, by the direction of its protrusion and many other factors.
The main symptoms for osteochondosis of the lumbar column include:
- The presence of painful back pain, which has the tendency to increase with strong mobility or, on the contrary, remaining without a change of posture for a long time.The pain withdraws if you take a horizontal position.
- Furthermore, weakness in the body is probably below the abdomen, including the lower limbs, as well as a reflection of the opaque leg tendon.
- There is a high probability of the presence of curvature in the lumbar spinal column.There is a classification of these curvatures, for example, with an emphasis on the right or left side, they speak of scoliosis, lordosis is called the situation of the fold forward and the cifosis is called when the natural lumbar turn, so to speak, is smooth.
- With a serious degree of development of the disease, the canals of the spinal cord are possible, which can cause its dysfunction and lead to urination and uncontrolled feces.
Among further symptoms, they note:
- The presence of numbness and the "coldness" of the skin of the lower back and buttocks.
- Peeling skin, dry and blue in the same places.
- Compromised urination.
- Problems with an erection.
The presence of these symptoms should notify a person, you cannot shake them with one hand, this will only lead to greater abandonment.In this case, you should absolutely consult a doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.By the way, the treatment can be in a hospital and a domestic environment, but we will talk about it later.
Diagnosis of the disease
In diagnosis, it is important to understand the degree on which the disease arrives.The easiest way is palpation in the lower back with the identification of the pain areas.Generally, this method is not information and in addition to conducting exams that provide a more detailed clinical picture:
- By radiography, Economic and widespread method, it is possible to evaluate the conditions of both the spine as a whole and the individual vertebrae, for example the lumbar region in question.The technique is not very accurate, it only allows an indirect to understand how much the integral intervertebral discs and the spinal channels are.
- Computerized tomographyA more accurate method to evaluate the level of damage to the discs between the vertebrae, the nerve roots and the canals with the spinal cord.
- Magnetic resonance imagingThe most accurate method provides a complete picture of the defeat in detail, but it is quite expensive and inaccessible.
It should be noted that the diagnostic process is very important, since for a doctor, when prescribing treatment tactics, all the details of developed osteochondosis are significant.
Complications for osteochondrosis
The main complications of the pathology are hernias and protrusions, necessarily that if the treatment are neglected and leave the development of the disease by the tools.Other complications may be:
- Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
- Spondylartosis.
- Schmorl Hernia.
- Spondylosis.
- Problems caused by pinch of spinal canals.
- Functionality disorders in the pelvis.
- Zoppy development.
Treatment of the osteocondrosis of the lower back
With the diagnosis of osteochondosis of the lumbar column, a wide range of therapy is required, whose main aspects will be:
- The use of moderate loads.
- Special drugs.
- The traction of the spine.
- Manual therapy sessions.
- Physiotherapy.
- Therapeutic massages.
The concept of "treatment" for osteochondrosis implies:
- Suppression of inflammation.
- Removal of pain syndrome.
- The complex to strengthen the lumbar and adjacent muscle groups.
- Get rid of chronic muscle tension.
- Increase the functionality of the organs in the pelvis.
- Normalization of blood circulation and metabolism in the pathology area.
Treatment with medicines
A similar approach in the treatment of osteochondosis of the lower back includes the intake of drugs, injections of special drugs, the use of ointments and gel for external use.The main task of these drugs is to neutralize pain and the inflammatory process.
Based on the degree of osteochondosis of the spine in the lumbar region, the following drugs can be prescribed by the doctor:
- Analgesics that have an anesthetic effect.
- Preparations against inflammation of non -steroid origin.
- With muscle spasms, antispasmodic.
- Medicines for the restoration of the cartilage, called chondroprotectors.Their effectiveness is not demonstrated, therefore they are rarely used in traditional medicine.
- In case of serious pathologies, when the above funds do not help, they resort to corticosteroids.
- Vitamin complexes.
In addition to these funds, the drugs are prescribed in tablets, the purpose of which is to calm the nervous system, fight with stress and depression.
Treatment of physiotherapy for osteochondosis of the lower back
The processing process is rarely limited to taking only pills.The pathology in question cannot be treated without stimulating the restoration processes of the spine.For these purposes, a wide range of physiotherapy procedures is used, the most popular are:
- Sounds.
- Therapy with diadinamic currents.
- Laser therapy.
In addition, the spine must be given useful loads, simultaneously fragment them.Various types of therapeutic massage are ideal for this.It should be remembered that the massage is used only for the pain removed.As a rule, it is performed as a restoration measure with the process of remission of the disease or with chronic osteochondrosis.After the massage, the muscle muscles overrated by the disease relax well, its effect will increase significantly with heating simultaneously, for example in a bathroom or sauna.In the latter case, we will be the maximum effect due to the further stimulation of blood circulation in the area of the pathology and the surrounding areas.
Another method of physiotherapy is manual therapy.Its advantages in general are the same as the massage, but in addition to these techniques, a specialist can return the vertebrae displaced in a normal position.
Therapeutic gymnastics
Therapeutic gymnastics is also used as a restoration and preventive measure in the period in which pain and inflammatory process have already been removed.The guarantee of high efficiency of the therapeutic exercises in the regularity of the exercises, in this case, the damaged area will constantly receive the motor activity necessary for the car -egeneration of new fabrics and recovery.
Surgical surgery for osteochondosis of the lower back
Surgical surgery is an extreme measure that is prescribed for serious complications.The most frequent of these is the intervertebral hernia when the so "discern" called or the removal of the intervertebral disc is performed.The operation is very effective, however, being extreme extreme, its purpose occurs only if other therapy methods have no results for more than 6 months.Modern medicine also offers less traumatic methods to conduct this operation, for example a microchirurgical or endoscopic method.